Laryngology: Clinical Reference Guide

Laryngology: Clinical Reference Guide is a portable reference guide that fills the void of an easy-to-read, concise, but comprehensive book encompassing all aspects of laryngology. Each chapter follows a uniform outline to facilitate quick review of a topic, and the comprehensive nature of each chapter provides depth. This clinically relevant resource is organized into ten sections that are broken down into their most important and fundamental parts by chapter, including the History of Laryngology; Embryology, Anatomy, and Physiology; Evaluation and Physical Examinations; Laryngologic Disorders; Neurolaryngology; Laryngologic Manifestations of Systemic Diseases; Pediatric Laryngology; Surgery; Swallowing Disorders; and Therapy. 
As a review book, it is ideal for residents and fellows in training and those preparing for board and in-service training examinations, as well as medical students looking for a "deeper dive" into the world of laryngology. However, it is also excellent for the practitioner who wants to get a succinct update on the latest, cutting-edge knowledge in all areas of laryngology. The information is authored by a collection of "who's who" in laryngology.
Formatted like the bestselling "Pasha" (Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery) pocket guide, this text provides a condensed amount of high-yield information with a multidisciplinary approach to bring a broad range of insight into complex clinical challenges.

Key Features

• Contributions by leaders in the field
• Tabs for each section for quick access
• Key terms and notes in bold and italics

Reviews

"The book opens with a very readable chapter on the history of laryngology, from Imhotep of Ancient Egypt, to the Sataloff of our own day. Basic Science chapters include a real pearl in “Patient History and Physical Examination”. I can now, with great authority, speak of such vocal fold abnormalities as decreased amplitude, glottic gap, mucosal wave abnormalities etc. How many readers knew that, during endoscopy you should get the patient to count 60-69 to detect abductor spastic dysphonia (SD) and 80-89 for adductor SD? As an otologist, I had long been baffled by the acronym (or maybe it is an initialism, as unpronounceable) of GRBAS, but can now even offer CAPE-V as an alternative. The text is even better on special investigations, whether stroboscopy, electromyography and all the armamentarium of the clinical voice laboratory. 
You would expect extensive coverage of trauma, tumours, inflammatory diseases and congenital abnormalities and will not be disappointed. What was particularly novel though was a collection of four chapters on Neurolaryngology, one on “Cough and the Unified Airway” and, especially thought provoking, “Care of the Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Patient”. I had always wondered why there was seemingly only a Type II Thyroplasty (for vocal cord paralysis), but have finally discovered the Type IV, a cricothyroid approximation, along with several others aiming to raise vocal pitch. Dysphagia, reflux and oesophageal dysmotilities, with the appropriate investigations, make up no fewer than 60 pages, despite the book title. Add to that a very easily understood chapters on pulmonary function tests and this proves a very comprehensive work indeed."
—Liam M. Flood, FRCS, FRCSI, in Journal of Laryngology and Otology (August 2019)

"The editors and authors are well known in laryngology circles, especially Robert Sataloff.
It is divided into 10 sections with a total of 38 chapters covering all aspects of laryngology, from history and embryology to voice and swallow. Each chapter is of varying length but generally short enough to be concise whilst maintaining interest. [...] I particularly enjoyed reading the chapter on laryngotracheal trauma and premalignant lesions of the larynx.
There is a 30-page section on neurolaryngology. This short section is informative and gives a good summary of neurophysiology, dystonias and vocal fold paresis. It is a good starting point for a laryngologist in waiting and can be used as a foundation to build further knowledge.
Detailed surgical techniques are beyond the intended scope of this book and therefore not really described but it does have the basics e.g. laser physics, different laryngoscope types and injectable materials. In-depth operative techniques need to be acquired from elsewhere.
Swallowing disorders are covered towards the end of the book; this again is very concise and to the point and is enough for a generalist or a trainee but not a consultant with an interest in swallow. Overall, I would summarise this book by saying it a very useful review book/portable pocket guide. It is more aimed at trainees and definitely serves a purpose and fills a void that previously existed."
—Omar Mulla, Doncaster Royal Infirmary, in ENT & Audiology News (March 2021)

Preface

About the Editors

Contributors

 

Part I. History of Laryngology

 

Chapter 1. History of Laryngology
Justin Ross, Mary J. Hawkshaw, and Robert T. Sataloff

Pre-Grecian Civilizations

Greek and Roman Civilizations

Middle Ages

Renaissance to Late 19th Century

20th Century to Present

 

Part II. Embryology, Anatomy, and Physiology

 

Chapter 2. Embryology and Development of the Larynx
Haig Panossian, Mary J. Hawkshaw, and Robert T. Sataloff

Stages and Structures of Development

Developmental Anaomalies

Postnatal Development

 

Chapter 3. Anatomy and Physiology
Justin Ross, Ayman Bodair, Mary J. Hawkshaw, and Robert T. Sataloff

Laryngeal Anatomy (Figure 3–1)

Phonatory Physiology

Esophageal Embryology     

Esophageal Anatomy

 

Part III. Evaluation and Physical Examination

 

Chapter 4. Patient History and Physical Examination
Justin Ross, Mary J. Hawkshaw, and Robert T. Sataloff

Patient History

Common Laryngologic Problems

Laryngeal Examination

Vocal Fold Vibratory Abnormalities

Voice Examination

Swallowing Evaluation (See Chapter 35)

 

Chapter 5. The Clinical Voice Laboratory
Haig Panossian, Mary J. Hawkshaw, and Robert T. Sataloff

The Purpose of the Clinical Voice Laboratory

The Clinical Assessment and Examination   

Objective Voice Analysis

 

Chapter 6. Laryngeal Electromyography
Haig Panossian, Mary J. Hawkshaw, and Robert T. Sataloff

Overview

EMG Examination

Laryngeal EMG

 

Part IV. Laryngologic Disorders

Chapter 7. Infections and Inflammatory Disorders of the Larynx

Justin Ross, Sammy Othman, Mary J. Hawkshaw, and Robert T. Sataloff

Pharyngitis

Acute Supraglottitis (Epiglottitis)

Croup (Laryngotracheobronchitis)

Other Infectious Disorders

Fungal Infections

Angioedema

 

Chapter 8. Non-Neoplastic Structural Abnormalities of the Larynx

Justin Ross, Mary J. Hawkshaw, and Robert T. Sataloff

Vocal Nodules

Laryngeal Cysts

Vocal Fold Polyps

Contact Granuloma and Vocal Process Ulcer

Reactive Lesions

Vocal Fold Hemorrhage

Reinke’s Edema

Prolonged Ulcerative Laryngitis

Sulcus Vocalis

Mucosal Bridge

Laryngeal Webs (See Chapter 12)

Bowed Vocal Folds

Arytenoid Dislocation and Subluxation

 

Chapter 9. Vocal Fold Scar
Arthur Uyesugi and Jaime E. Moore

Introduction

Anatomy of the Vocal Folds

Clinical Evaluation

Management

           

Chapter 10. Vocal Fold Injury and Repair
Susan L. Thibeault

Introduction

Wound Healing

Vocal Fold Manifestations of Injury and Repair

Microarray Analysis of Vocal Fold Wound Healing and Benign Vocal Fold Lesions

Future Directions and Therapeutic Applications

 

Chapter 11. Laryngotracheal Trauma
Yolanda D. Heman-Ackah

Introduction

Schaefer Classification System for Severity of Laryngeal Injuries

Adult Framework Injury

Pediatric Framework Injury

Soft Tissue Injuries from Blunt Trauma

Clinical Evaluation of Blunt Trauma 

Surgical Exploration and Repair

Penetrating Injuries

Caustic Injuries (See Chapter 31)

Thermal Injuries

Iatrogenic Injuries

 

Chapter 12. Acquired Glottic Stenosis

Jared M. Goldfarb, Justin Ross, and Joseph R. Spiegel

Anatomy

Etiology

Evaluation

Treatment

 

Chapter 13. Acquired Subglottic Stenosis

Bhavishya S. Clark, Justin Ross, and Michael M. Johns, III

Introduction

Anatomy and Physiology of the Subglottis

Causes

Histology and Pathophysiology

Clinical Evaluation

Grading Systems for SGS

Management Introduction

Medical Management

Endoscopic Repair

Open Repair

Prevention

 

Chapter 14. Tracheal Stenosis

Jared M. Goldfarb and Joseph R. Spiegel

Introduction

Anatomy

Embryology

Congenital Tracheal Stenosis (CTS) 

Acquired Tracheal Stenosis

Differential Diagnosis

Diagnosis

Management

 

Chapter 15. Benign and Premalignant Lesions of the Larynx

Haig Panossian, Justin Ross, Mary J. Hawkshaw, and Robert T. Sataloff

Terminology

Leukoplakia

Erythroplakia

Classification Systems of Dysplasia

Carcinoma in Situ (CIS)

Granular Cell Tumor

Lipoma

Amyloidosis

Cartilaginous Tumors of the Larynx

Laryngeal Schwannoma

 

Chapter 16. Laryngeal Neoplasia
Travis Weinsheim, Luke J. Pasick, and Christopher E. Fundikowski

Overview

Subsites and Boundaries

Tumor Biology and Pathology

Premalignant Lesions (See Table 16–1)

Staging (Based on AJCC 8^th edition)

Treatment (See Table 16–2)

Surgical Approaches

Communication After Laryngectomy

References

 

Part V. Neurolaryngology

 

Chapter 17. Laryngeal Neurophysiology

Justin Ross, Mary J. Hawkshaw, and Robert T. Sataloff

Introduction

Motor Function (See Chapter 3)

Sensory Function

Laryngeal Reflexes

Vocalization

 

Chapter 18. Vocal Fold Paresis and Paralysis

Justin Ross, Mary J. Hawkshaw, and Robert T. Sataloff

Introduction

Evaluation

Treatment

Bilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis (BVFP)

Pediatric Vocal Fold Paralysis (See Chapter 31)

 

Chapter 19. Laryngeal Dystonia
Justin Ross and Aaron J. Jaworek

Introduction

Spasmodic Dysphonia

Other Laryngeal Dystonias

 

Chapter 20. Neurologic Disorders Affecting Airway and Voice
Justin Ross, Mary J. Hawkshaw, and Robert T. Sataloff

Dysarthria

Stuttering

Neurologic Disorders

 

Part VI. Laryngologic Manifestations of Systemic Diseases

 

Chapter 21. Voice Disorders in the Elderly
Karen M. Kost and Justin Ross

Introduction

Age-Related Laryngeal Changes

Other Age-Related Changes

Treatment

 

Chapter 22. Reflux Disease
Justin Ross, Mary J. Hawkshaw, and Robert T. Sataloff

Introduction

Histology and Pathophysiology

Clinical Evaluation

Management

Complications of Reflux Disease
Reflux in Pediatric Patients

Esophagopharyngeal Reflux

 

Chapter 23. Thyroid-Related Disorders of the Larynx
Paul M. Papajohn, Nicholas C. Cameron, Mary J. Hawkshaw, and Robert T. Sataloff

Introduction

Anatomy

Physiology

Hypothyroidism

Hyperthyroidism

Evaluation

Pathologic Disorders of the Thyroid

Surgical Considerations

Treatment of Thyroidectomy-Related Vocal Fold Paresis and Paralysis

 

Chapter 24. Autoimmune and Rheumatologic Disease

Jason E. Cohn, Jacob Burdett, Mary J. Hawkshaw, and Robert T. Sataloff

Patient Evaluation

Autoimmune/Inflammatory Conditions of the Larynx

 

Chapter 25. Allergy

Austin T. Baker, Sarah Christine Nyirjesy, Justin Ross, and Brian J. McKinnon

Immunology of the Allergic Response

Allergy Therapies and Treatments

Allergic Rhinitis (AR)

Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Allergy Testing

Allergic Laryngitis

References

 

Chapter 26. Respiratory Dysfunction
Haig Panossian, Mary J. Hawkshaw, and Robert T. Sataloff

Anatomy

Evaluation

Pathophysiology

 

Chapter 27. Cough and the Unified Airway
Kevin Tie, Kenneth W. Altman, and Rupali N. Shah

Introduction

Clinical Evaluation

Acute and Subacute Cough

Chronic Cough

Nonasthmatic Inflammatory Airway Disease in Adults

Unexplained Chronic Cough

Conclusion

References

 

Chapter 28. Care of the Transgender and Gender Non-Conforming Patient
Justin Ross, Mary J. Hawkshaw, and Robert T. Sataloff

Introduction

Medical and Voice Therapy

Surgical Therapy

 

Chapter 29. Psychological Dimensions of Voice Disorders
Deborah Caputo Rosen

Introduction

Voice and Emotion

Body Image/Self Image

Psychological Phases of Vocal Injury

Psychological Responses to Voice Surgery

Psychopathology

Psychogenic Dysphonia/Conversion Disorder

Performance Anxiety

Psychoactive Medications (Table 29–1)

Stress Management

Team Treatment of Psychological Dimensions of Voice Disorders

           

 

Chapter 30. Laryngology and Medication
Marissa Evarts, Ghiath Alnouri, Mary J. Hawkshaw, and Robert T. Sataloff

Introduction

Analgesics

Antacids, Anti-secretory, and Prokinetic Agents (See Chapter 22)

Antibiotics

Beta-lactams

Fluoroquinolones

Macrolides

Antidepressants

Antifungals

Antihistamines

Antihypertensives

Antipsychotics

Antitussives and Mucolytics

Antivirals

Chemotherapeutic Agents

Corticosteroids

Diuretics

Hormones

Mood-Stabilizing Drugs

Neurologics

Oral Rinses

Sprays, Mists, and Inhalants

Herbs and Supplements

 

Part VII. Pediatric Laryngology

 

Chapter 31. Pediatric Laryngology

Marissa Evarts, David J. Lafferty, Justin Ross, Mary J. Hawkshaw, and Robert T. Sataloff

Introduction

Disorders of Pediatric Airway and Voice

Congenital Anomalies of Larynx and Trachea

Pediatric Tracheal Anomalies

Vascular Rings

Management of Foreign Bodies

Acute Airway Obstruction (AAO)

Chronic Airway Obstruction

Traumatic Injuries to Larynx, Trachea, Esophagus, and Neck

Neoplasms of Larynx and Trachea

Pediatric Gastroesophageal Reflux and Laryngopharyngeal Reflux

Caustic Ingestion

Laundry Detergent Pod Ingestion

 

Part VIII. Surgery

 

Chapter 32. Laryngeal Laser Surgery
Haig Panossian and Peak Woo

            Laser Physics

            Laser Tissue Interactions

 

Chapter 33. Voice Surgery

Haig Panossian, Mary J. Hawkshaw, and Robert T. Sataloff

Direct Laryngoscopy

Microsurgical Techniques

Management of Vocal Fold Paresis/Paralysis

In-Office Procedures

Postoperative Voice Care

 

Chapter 34. Surgical Airway
Harleen Sethi, Justin Ross, Mary J. Hawkshaw, and Robert T. Sataloff

Cricothyrotomy

Percutaneous Needle Cricothyroidotomy

Open Tracheotomy

Tracheotomy Care and Management Options

Decannulation

Percutaneous Tracheotomy

 

Part IX. Swallowing Disorders

 

Chapter 35. Dysphagia
Jonathan Aaron Harounian and Nausheen Jamal

Introduction

Phases of Normal Swallowing

Evaluation of Dysphagia

Etiology and Treatment

Swallow Rehabilitation Strategies

References

 

Chapter 36. Esophageal Motility, Stenosis and Achalasia
Andrew E. Lee, Jennifer M. Schwartz, Katherine L. Tsavaris, and Asyia Ahmad

Esophageal Anatomy

Coordination of Swallowing

High-Resolution Esophageal Manometry

Esophageal Motility Disorders

Other Motility Disorders

Structural Disorders of the Esophagus

Etiologies of Benign Strictures

Schatzki Ring

Esophageal Webs

Esophageal Diverticulum

Esophageal Malignancies

Extrinsic Structural Disorders of the Esophagus

List of Abbreviations

References

 

Part X. Therapy

 

Chapter 37. Voice Therapy

Bridget A. Rose and Justin Ross

Speech and Voice Evaluation

Voice Therapy

Voice Therapy for Specific Etiologies

Singing Voice as Rehabilitative Intervention

References

 

Chapter 38. Swallow Therapy
Tess T. Andrews

Patient Evaluation

Plan of Care

Swallow Therapy

References

 

Index