Acquired Neurogenic Communication Disorders: An Integrated Clinical Approach

Acquired Neurogenic Communication Disorders: An Integrated Clinical Approach provides an overview of acquired neurogenic communication and swallowing disorders for undergraduate courses in communication sciences and disorders programs. Compared to other books on this subject, this text is organized by anatomical systems and locations, not by disorder. The authors aim to teach students about the cognitive, speech, language, and swallowing disorders that occur with damage to neurological systems in a manner that breaks down silos that artificially separate disorders that routinely co-occur. This approach reflects the reality that most individuals with acquired brain injuries have multiple cognitive, communication, and swallowing disorders. 

This clinical, systems-based approach will better foster understanding of the effects of acquired damage and degeneration to neurological systems/networks. It includes cases to highlight the incidence and co-occurrence of speech, voice, language, cognitive, and swallowing impairments in real clients who experience these forms of damage. Cases are also representative of a broad range of racial and cultural characteristics, which highlight both similarities (i.e., that anatomy and physiology are the same, regardless of race) and unique differences among people. Most chapters include clinical cases which integrate commonly co-occurring impairments. The intent is to help readers recognize that disorders like aphasia, dysarthria, dysphagia, and cognitive-communication disorders don’t usually occur in isolation but rather together. Many cases include questions to provoke thinking about the overlap between speech, language, cognition, and swallowing.

Key Features

• Videos of individuals with various acquired neurogenic disorders completing various speech, language, cognitive, and swallowing tasks. Partners of individuals with PPA were also interviewed.
• Clinical cases based on real clients, embedded into chapters to illustrate specific characteristics of disorders.
• Full-color layout and illustrations help students make connections between functions, anatomy, and clinical impairments.
• Assessment and Intervention tables summarize common assessments and interventions for speech, language, cognition, and swallowing.
• Concept tables include information about subtypes of disorders, components of complex functions, and frameworks.
• Boxes with activities and additional information to link the content to everyday experiences for generalization of learning.
• Additional pedagogical aids include: chapter outlines, bolded key terms (as well as Latin and Greek origins and meaning), concise chapter summaries, key concepts lists, and numerous references.

PluralPlus Online Ancillaries

For instructors: PowerPoint Slides, Test Bank, Videos, Activities/exercises, Case Studies
For students: Videos, eFlashcards, Activities/exercises

Reviews

“The book is a fantastic addition to the literature in the field of communication sciences and disorders. The clinical direction of this book and its sensitivity to issues of Health-Related Quality of Life make it unique. Hoepner and Blake provide a multitude of case examples that bring the content to life, which is an important element for teaching neurology and acquired disorders to undergraduate students. I appreciated the authors’ decision to discuss left hemisphere disorders and right hemisphere disorders separately as this is quite clinically relevant.”
—Kelly Rutherford EdD, CCC-SLP, Associate Professor, Marshall University

“This book has many strengths. It provides clear definition of the terminology in this field that some students used to struggle with; it provides with up-to-date information such as health definition by WHO (2022) and Cookie Theft picture (2018); the book is at introductory level in neurogenic communication disorders with appropriate information on different neurogenic conditions following by the major current assessments and interventions; it provides appropriate cases as examples illustrating the signs and symptoms, and rationale of the treatment; Another feature of this book is its easy-to-understand language, which is vital for undergraduate students to understand the complex neurogenic communication disorders.”
-Qiang Li, PhD, Assistant Professor, Fort Hays State University

“The book is well organized. The case studies are well done and connect each chapter in a meaningful way to clinical cases. This builds analytical reasoning even for less common diagnoses.  The authors do a good job of providing complex content in a way that is understandable (e.g., motor pathways). …Students will benefit from the review of normal anatomy and physiology prior to learning about different disorder types.”
—Karin Thomas, SLP.D, CCC-SLP, Assistant Professor, Saint Mary’s College

“I think the book is well organized.  The information and materials covered is very complete.  I think that the book includes good images, figures, and tables throughout that will help students understand the material.”
—Miriam Carroll-Alfano, PhD, CCC-SLP, Associate Professor, Midwestern University

“I like the clinical focus of a multisystems approach to teaching neurogenic disorders.  The use of tables and pictures helped to solidify topics addressed.  The use of a summary and key concepts at the end of each chapter was of particular importance for the undergrad students who may be getting this level of information for the first time.”
—Cindy Sendor, MA, CCC-SLP, Assistant Professor, California Baptist University

“This text goes above and beyond in providing appropriate depth and breadth to newer, evidence-based concepts that are important for acquired disorders as well as speech-language pathology as a discipline. …I also appreciate the use of case studies to help demonstrate the concepts presented in many chapters, and discussion of DEI as well as newer evidence-based frameworks including perspectives on disability.”
—Zeth Everick Collom, MS, CCC-SLP, Instructor, West Texas A&M University

“This book was very well done – I liked the organization of brain regions in this book. It makes it different from other textbooks and helps to better understand the brain and the brain’s role in various disorders. …I really appreciated the way the information was presented (by brain location rather than disorders).  The information was written in a way that made it enjoyable and easier to read. The stories and relevant connections to students will be helpful to maintain attention and comprehension of the information. I really liked the figures, tables, and  case studies that made all the information even more understandable. Diversity, inclusion, and equity were also a theme throughout the book and not isolated to a section of a chapter.”
—Joy McKenzie, EdD, MS, CCC-SLP, Associate Professor, St. Cloud State University

“This book’s strength lies in the methodical sequencing of the concepts presented from the detailed information on the anatomical concepts and associated images to the detailed dissection of the areas of the brain and the related neuroanatomical basis of rehabilitation. The authors successfully provided an overview of neuroanatomy and neurophysiology and provided in great detail description of the various types of speech, language, swallowing, and cognitive aspects of acquired neurogenic communication disorders in language easily understood by those who are unfamiliar with this medically-based information. The authors made the topic area interesting as well as educational.”
—Carlotta Kimble, PhD, CCC-SLP, Professor, University of Central Missouri

Preface
Acknowledgements
Reviewers

Chapter 1. Systems-Based Clinical Approach
Breaking Down the Silos                                                                                                      
Models of Communication Systems                                                                                     

What Is the Value in Models?                                                                                 
Speech: DIVA (Directions Into Velocities of Articulators)                                                                                             
Motor Speech                                                                                                          
Language: Dual Stream Models                                                                                  
Cognition: ACT-R (Adaptive Control of Thought-Rational)           
Swallowing: IFSiP (Integrated Framework for Swallowing Processes)                                                                                 

Putting It All Together    
Summary                                                                                                      
Key Concepts                                                                                                                        
References     

Chapter 2. Overview of Neuroanatomy and Neurophysiology
Overview
Structures and Regions

Frontal Lobes
Parietal Lobes
Temporal Lobes
Occipital Lobes
Insula
Subcortical Regions and Structures

Subcortical White Matter
Subcortical Structures

Brainstem

Cranial Nerves

Cerebellum

Meninges and Ventricles
Blood Supply to the Brain
Neurophysiology
Typical Aging
Summary
Key Concepts
References

Chapter 3. Etiologies and Pathophysiology
Etiologies

Stroke
Anoxia and Hypoxia
Tumors
Traumatic Brain Injury
Degenerative Diseases

Dementias
Parkinson’s Disease
Huntington’s Disease
Multiple Sclerosis
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Infectious Diseases

Prevalence Patterns
Brain Imaging

Anatomical/Structural Imaging
Functional Imaging

Concepts for Understanding Effects of Brain Injury
Summary
Key Concepts
References
Resources

Chapter 4. Communication, Cognition, and Swallowing
Definitions and Disorders
Speech

Disorders of the Motor System
Motor Speech Disorders

Language

Disorders of Language

Is it Speech? Or Language? Or Both?
Cognition

Attention

Attention of Networks
Disorders of Attention

Memory

Disorders of Memory

Executive Functions

Disorders of Executive Function

Awareness

Disorders of Awareness

Social Cognition

Disorders of Social Cognition

Is it Language? Or Cognition? Or Both?
Swallowing

Disorders of Swallowing

Summary
Key Concepts
References

Chapter 5. Foundational Knowledge for Neurorehabilitation
Neural Plasticity
Historical Context
Framing Assessment and Intervention in Neurorehabilitation
Rehabilitation Treatment Specification System (RTSS)
Health Equity, Social Determinant of Health, Cultural/Ethnic Issues

Keeping Up With Terminology
Social Determinants of Health

Access to Care and Healthy Living
Education and Socialization

The Coin Model

Summary
Key Concepts
References
Resources

Chapter 6. Pre-Frontal Lobes
Diseases and Disorders of the Frontal Lobes

Traumatic Brain Injury
Frontotemporal Dementia

Assessment
Frontal Damage Treatment

Speech Disorders
Language Disorders

Discourse

Cognitive Disorders

Attention

Impairments to Attention

Memory
Executive Functions
Awareness

Swallowing Disorders
Summary
Key Concepts
References

Chapter 7. Left Hemisphere Perisylvian Region
Diseases and Disorders of the Left Hemisphere
Speech Disorders

Dysarthria
Apraxia of Speech (AOS)

Assessment
Treatment

Primary Progressive Apraxia of Speech (PPAOS)

Language Disorders

Aphasia

Global Aphasia
Mixed Transcortical Aphasia
Non-Fluent Aphasia
Transcortical Motor Aphasia
Fluent Aphasia
Transcortical Sensory Aphasia
Conduction Aphasia
Anomia

Disorders of Reading and Writing

Alexia and Agraphia
Gerstmann Syndrome
Surface Dyslexia/Dysgraphia

Degenerative and Progressive Aphasias

Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA)

Assessment

PPA Specific Assessments (PPA)

Intervention

Cognitive Disorders

Attention
Memory
Executive Functions
Anosognosia
Non-Linguistic Cognitive Impairments in Post-Stroke Aphasia
Degenerative and Progressive Cognitive Disorders

Swallowing Disorders

Motor/Weakness Related
Sensory Related
Cognition/Attention Related

Summary
Key Concepts
References

Chapter 8. Right Hemisphere Perisylvian Region
Diseases and Disorders of the Right Hemisphere
Speech Disorders
Language Disorders: Apragmatism

Linguistic Aspects: Production
Linguistic Aspects: Comprehension
Paralinguistic Aspects: Aprosodia
Extralinguistic Aspects
Assessment of Apragmatism
Treatment of Apragmatism

Linguistic and Extralinguistic Apragmatism
Paralinguistic Apragmatism: Aprosodia
Discourse and pragmatics

Cognitive Disorders

Attention

Unilateral Neglect

Assessment of Unilateral Neglect
Treatment of Unilateral Neglect

Memory
Executive Function
Anosognosia
Social Cognition

Swallowing Disorders

Motor/Weakness Related
Sensory Related
Cognition/Attention Related

Summary
Key Concepts
References

Chapter 9. Cortical Posterior Regions
Diseases and Disorders of the Posterior Hemispheres
Visual Pathways

Visual Field Cuts
Visual Processing Disorders
Assessment and Treatment of Visual Disorders

Speech Disorders
Language Disorders
Cognitive Disorders

Visuoperception
Visuocontruction
Spatial Cognition
Assessment and Treatment of Cognitive Disorders

Posterior Damage Syndromes
Swallowing Disorders
Summary
Key Concepts
References

Chapter 10. Subcortical Structures
Basal Ganglia

Disorders and Diseases of the Basal Ganglia

Parkinson’s Disease
Huntington’s Disease
Corticobasal Syndrome

Speech Disorders
Language Disorders
Cognitive Disorders

Executive Function and Awareness
Memory and Attention
Social Cognition

Swallowing Disorders

Thalamus

Functions of the Thalamus

Sensorimotor Functions
Cognition and Emotion
Cortical Arousal

Disorders and Diseases of the Thalamus
Speech Disorders
Language Disorders
Cognitive Disorders
Swallowing Disorders

Summary
Key Concepts
References
Other Resources

Chapter 11. Brainstem, Cranial Nerves, and Cerebellum
Overview
Brainstem

Cranial Nerves
Disorders and Diseases of the Brainstem
Speech Disorders
Language Disorders
Cognitive Disorders
Swallowing Disorders

Cerebellum

Disorders and Diseases of the Cerebellum
Speech Disorders
Language Disorders
Cognitive Disorders
Swallowing Disorders

Summary
Key Concepts
References

Chapter 12. Assessment and Treatment of Cognitive Disorders
Assessment of Cognitive Disorders

Approaches to Assessment
Test Batteries and Participation-Level Assessments
Attention
Executive Function and Awareness
Memory
Social Cognition
Goal Attainment Scales

Treatment of Cognitive Disorders

Approaches to Treatment

Metacognitive Strategy Training

Generalized Attention
Executive Function and Anosognosia
Memory
Social Cognition

Summary
Key Concepts
References

Chapter 13. Assessment and Treatment of Dysarthria and Dysphagia
Assessment of Dysarthria and Dysphagia

Dysphagia

Perceptual Assessment
Motor Assessment (Strength and Tone)
Instrumental and Acoustic Assessment

Dysphagia

Dysfunction by Phases of Swallowing
Dysfunction by Underlying Disease Processes

Cranial Nerve Exam
Oral Mechanism Exam
Intervention for Dysarthria
Intervention for Dysphagia

Summary
Key Concepts
References

Chapter 14. Diffuse Brain Damage
Diffuse Etiologies

Traumatic Brain Injuries

Assessment
Intervention

Alzheimer’s Dementia

Assessment
Intervention

Multiple Sclerosis
Prion Diseases
Metastatic Tumors

Speech Disorders
Language Disorders

Social Communication

Cognitive Disorders
Swallowing Disorders
Summary
Key Concepts
References
Resources

Index

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